Abstract
ABSTRACTThe practical necessity for accurate time—essential for navigation and for effective communication, and a broad knowledge of the Earth’s magnetic field—essential for navigation and survey, led to the early establishment of basic geophysical observatories. In 1864, Wellington Provincial Council established an accurate, astronomically calibrated, time service in Wellington that, as it was at the centre of the electrical telegraph system, was able to provide accurate time to the colony. Concern about the effect of earthquakes affecting all of New Zealand, led to the monitoring of seismicity from Wellington (initially in 1884) and Christchurch in 1901. An accurate knowledge of the direction of the Earth’s magnetic field was essential for navigation and survey. A magnetic observatory in Christchurch and a survey of New Zealand commenced in about 1900. All observatories were able to participate in international scientific studies.
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