Abstract
Stainless steel dust is a typical solid waste from iron and steel smelting. In this study, valuable metal components were recovered from stainless steel dust by carbon-thermal reduction. The effect of reduction conditions on the recovery of Fe, Ni and Cr was studied. The restrictive steps of Fe, Ni and Cr in the reduction process were clarified by XRD and SEM. The results show that the reduction temperature has a great influence on the reduction of metal Fe, Ni and Cr in stainless steel dust, and the increase of reduction temperature, reduction time and appropriate carbon ratio promoted the recovery of metal. The intermediate phase fayalite (Fe,Ni)2SiO4 and magnesiochromite Cr2MgO4 in the reduction process are the restrictive factors that cause the low recovery of Fe, Ni and Cr metals. In the process of carbon-thermal reduction, with the increase of reduction time, Fe2+ and Ni2+ in mesophase (Fe, Ni)2SiO4 were replaced by Mg2+ and Ca2+ in MgO and CaO, and finally reduced to MgCaSiO4; Cr3+ in the mesophase Cr2MgO4 was replaced by Al3+ in Al2O3 and finally reduced to Al2MgO4, which improves the recovery of metal Fe, Ni and Cr.
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