Abstract
Heavy metal contaminations produced by industrial activities are one of the major important issues which are faced by many countries, typically developing economies. Heavy metals in wastewater are of particular major concern in recent times due to their persistence and recalcitrance in the aquatic environment. As a result of various consequences, wastewater treatment has reached a certain level which is becoming unmanageable nowadays. Previous studies have provided many innovative processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing heavy toxic metals, often involving toxicity reduction techniques to meet technology-based treatment standards. This chapter reviews the ability of various technologies to remove heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Ample natural materials such as agricultural waste, industrial by-products and microbial biomass have been suggested as a potential bio-absorbent for the removal of heavy metals due to the presence of functional metal-binding groups. Especially focus is given to innovative physicochemical elimination processes like adsorption in new adsorbents, membrane filtration, photocatalysis and electrodialysis. The investigation shows that new adsorbents and membrane filtration are the most frequently studied and widely applied techniques for the treatment of wastewater contaminated with toxic heavy metals. In general, the applicability, wastewater characteristics, profitability and simplicity of the plant are the major factors in choosing the appropriate method for contaminated wastewater treatment.
Published Version
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call