Abstract
Apple (Malus domestica) is one of the most widely grown fruit crops worldwide. Turkey is the third largest producer of apple in the world with an annual production of 2.5million metric tonnes. The south-west region is the most important apple production region, providing 25% of the total amount of apple production in Turkey (Anonymous 2002). Apple mosaic Ilarvirus (ApMV) is one of the most important and common pathogens of apple (Desvignes 1999). Bright chlorotic mosaic symptoms were observed in apple orchards in Isparta Province, located in south-west Turkey, during field surveys in the period from 2001 to 2003. A total of 276 leaf samples were collected from trees of Golden Delicious, Starking Delicious, Granny Smith and Imperatore cultivars and M9 rootstock and tested for ApMV by double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using a commercial kit supplied from Agdia (PathoScreen ApMV 30700/0288 PathoScreen Kit, Alkaline Phosphatase). ELISA results were read at A405 nm in ElX800 Universal Microplate Reader (Bio-Tek Instruments). Samples with DAS-ELISA values at least twice those of the healthy control were considered as positive (Stellmach 1985). It was determined that 82 of the 276 samples were infected with ApMV. Although ApMV was detected in Granny Smith and Imperatore cultivars and M9 rootstocks, none of the samples from Golden Delicious and Starking Delicious cultivars were infected with ApMV. DAS-ELISA positive samples were later inoculated onto herbaceous indicator plants. After mechanical inoculation, necrotic local lesions were observed on Chenopodium amaranticolor and Chenopodium quinoa, and chlorotic local lesions, mottling and systemic mosaic were observed on Cucumis sativus (Brunt et al. 1996). ApMV has previously been detected in the Aegean region of Turkey (Fidan 1994), but this is the first record from the south-west region, the most important apple-growing region in Turkey. In addition, this is the first record of ApMV in Imperatore cultivars from anywhere in the world.
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