New polyhydroxylated sterols from Palythoa tuberculosa and their apoptotic activity in cancer cells

Abstract

The chemical study on the total extract of the zoanthid Palythoa tuberculosa, collected from the Red Sea, resulted in the isolation of seven polyhydroxylated sterols (1–7), six of which, palysterols A–F (2–7), are new. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive analysis of their 1-, 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic data. This is the first chemical investigation on the species collected from Red Sea. We studied the cytotoxic effects of the total extract and some of the new polyhydroxylated sterols in three human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa, and HT-29) and one non-cancerous human cell line (KMST-6). Palysterol F (7), in particular, was able to selectively induce high levels of apoptosis (>75%) in breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells but not HeLa, HT-29 and KMST-6 cells.