Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have long been regarded as critical components of regenerative medicine strategies, given their multipotency and persistence in a variety of tissues. Recently, the specific role of MSCs in mediating regenerative outcomes has been attributed (in part) to secreted factors from transplanted cells, namely extracellular vesicles. This viewpoint manuscript highlights the promise of cell-derived extracellular vesicles as agents of regeneration, enhanced by synergy with appropriate biomaterials platforms. Extracellular vesicles are a potentially interesting regenerative tool to enhance the synergy between MSCs and biomaterials. As a result, we believe these technologies will improve patient outcomes through efficient therapeutic strategies resulting in predictable patient outcomes.
Highlights
Conceived to solve the shortage of organs for transplantation, the field of tissue engineering has evolved to encompass a broad clinical scope including regeneration of simple and complex tissues in a variety of clinical settings (Langer and Vacanti, 1993)
Predictability of regenerative outcomes is ultimate goal of generation tissue engineering technology. In this Viewpoint, we highlight the synergy for development of biomaterial platforms which contain extracellular vesicles (EVs), rather than rely on transplantation of stem cells
EVs in conjunction with tuned biomaterials matrices represent an exciting avenue for discovery, translation, and commercialization
Summary
Conceived to solve the shortage of organs for transplantation, the field of tissue engineering has evolved to encompass a broad clinical scope including regeneration of simple and complex tissues in a variety of clinical settings (Langer and Vacanti, 1993). We hypothesize that thoughtfully designed biomaterials paired with cell-instructive signals may induce predictable regeneration by endogenous cell sources, posing significant translational advantages as generation tissue engineering therapeutics.
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