Abstract
New materials (e.g., dextrins) were proposed for the design of multimode sensors for screening of biological fluids for specific biomarkers for breast cancer antigen and hepatitis B. The selection of the materials was based on its nanostructure (for stochastic mode), and its catalytic activity (for amperometric mode). The qualitative analysis was performed using the stochastic mode, and it was followed by the quantitative analysis of the antigens using stochastic mode and amperometric mode. The biomarkers were determined directly from the biological fluids (e.g., whole blood). The response characteristics of the new multimode sensors for CA15-3, and hepatitis B biomarkers (HBV antigen and D-pipecolic acid) as well as their recovery in the biological fluid of the patients are shown.
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