Abstract
Antibiotics have been frequently detected in the aquatic environment, and they may affect aquatic organisms such as algae. Here we investigated toxicity of chloramphenicol (CAP) and roxithromycin (ROX) on four species of green algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Scenedesmus acuminatus) at biochemical level by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results revealed that both CAP and ROX had negative effects on algal growth and caused alterations of biochemical components. The toxic effects varied among the four algal species and S. acuminatus was found to be less sensitive than the other three species to the antibiotics. Even with similar mechanism of action, ROX displayed more adverse effects to algae than CAP. Both antibiotics could affect algae by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis and promoting protein and DNA aggregation, thus leading to accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, increment of the loose β-sheet structure protein and transformation of B-DNA to Z-DNA. The findings from this study revealed the toxic mechanism of antibiotics to algae at the biochemical level.
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