Abstract
We report new findings on multilayer silicene grown on Si(111)√3 × √3 R30°–Ag template, after the recent first compelling experimental evidence of its synthesis. Low-energy electron diffraction, reflection high-energy electron diffraction, and energy-dispersive grazing incidence X-ray diffraction measurements were performed to show up the fingerprints of √3 × √3 multilayer silicene. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy displayed new features in the second surface Brillouin zone, attributed to the multilayer silicene on Si(111)√3 × √3 R30°–Ag. Band-structure dispersion theoretical calculations performed on a model of three honeycomb stacked layers, silicene grown on Si(111)√3 × √3 R30°-Ag surface confirm the experimental results.
Highlights
The first synthesis of multilayer silicene on Si(111) 3 × 3 R30◦ –Ag interface used as a template was recently reported [1]
We report new structural results using ED-grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) at small as well as wide angle, reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), and band structures theoretical calculations to corroborate the evidence of multilayer silicene obtained from epitaxial growth upon
Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images reported in Figure 1b were acquired by using a low-temperature ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) scanning tunneling microscopy/scanning near-field optical microscopy system (LT-STM-SNOM)
Summary
The first synthesis of multilayer silicene on Si(111) 3 × 3 R30◦ –Ag interface used as a template was recently reported [1]. The concept of a metastable system holds both from the experimental and the theoretical point of view for the delicate preparation of the samples, whose growth parameters, above all the temperature of the substrate and the flux of the silicon evaporation source, reside in a quite narrow window. This led to a spread of results that fueled the debate on the possible nonexistence of the silicene multilayer, as composed of stacked layers with internal honeycomb structure [2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
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