Abstract
Recent studies of mussels have documented a gradient of extirpation that extends from Toledo Bend Dam to United States Highway 190 in the lower Sabine River. A similar pattern has been documented for the diversity and abundance of cyprinids. To evaluate whether impacts of the project have extended into nearby tributaries, we assessed the distribution and abundance of threatened species of mussels in Anacoco and Toro bayous, within Vernon and Sabine parishes, respectively. In total, 1,474 live mussels representing 15 species were collected during our survey. Of these, four are considered state-threatened: Fusconaia askewi (Texas pigtoe), Lampsilis satura (sandbank pocketbook), Obovaria jacksoniana (southern hickorynut), and Pleurobema riddellii (Louisiana pigtoe). In general, L. satura, O. jacksoniana, and P. riddellii appear to be rare in Anacoco Bayou and absent from Toro Bayou, whereas F. askewi is more abundant and widely distributed. Effects of backwater related to releases from impoundments, discharge from paper mills, and use of land within the watershed appear to be plausible factors contributing to the constrained distribution of freshwater mussels throughout both bayous.Estudios recientes de mejillones han documentado un gradiente de extirpación que se extiende desde Toledo Bend Dam hasta la Highway 190 en Estados Unidos en el bajo río Sabine. Un patrón similar ha sido documentado para la diversidad y abundancia de ciprínidos. Para evaluar si los impactos del proyecto se han extendido en las inmediaciones afluentes, evaluamos la distribución y abundancia de especies de mejillones amenazados en los pantanos Anacoco y Toro, dentro de los distritos Vernon y Sabine, respectivamente. Durante nuestro muestreo, se colectaron 1,474 mejillones vivos, representando 15 diferentes especies. De ellas, cuatro son clasificadas como amenazadas por el estado de Texas: Fusconaia askewi, Lampsilis satura, Obovaria jacksoniana, y Pleurobema riddellii. Por lo general, L. satura, O. jacksoniana y P. riddellii parecen ser raras dentro del pantano Anacoco y ausentes dentro del pantano Toro, mientras que F. askewi es más abundante y ampliamente distribuida. Efectos de remanso relacionado a la liberación de agua de embalses, descargo de agua por fábricas de papel, y uso de la tierra dentro de la cuenca parecen ser posibles factores que contribuyen a la limitada distribución de mejillones de agua dulce dentro de los dos pantanos.
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