Abstract

Stem cells have revolutionized medicine. Blood stem cell transplantation is a proven and essential therapy for more than 70 diseases. Stem cell therapies are progressively entering clinical reality. Among the phase III clinical studies, most trials assess hemato-oncological diseases; however, some pivotal studies assess the value of stem cell application in non-oncological scenarios. Despite the almost enthusiastic environment surrounding stem cell research and gene therapy, both technologies have not really succeeded into functional urology yet – at least on a translational level. The only relevant stem cell applications in functional urological diseases so far have been in incontinence and erectile dysfunction (ED). This book has dedicated this chapter which describes the role of bladder tissue engineering in neurogenic bladder. The following article will first focus on stem cell sources. Then, the next articles will discuss preclinical and clinical data of stem cell and gene therapy in erectile dysfunction and incontinence. And finally the last article will highlight interesting preclinical studies using innovative new strategies in experimental models of neurogenic bladder.

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