Abstract
In the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Targets 6.1 and 6.2 show, in their formulation, some alignment with the normative content of the human rights to water and sanitation (HRWS). However, the principle of equality and non-discrimination, which applies to all human rights, was not clearly incorporated into the indicators adopted to assess and monitor these targets. This paper contributes to bridging this gap by proposing two methodological strategies to address inequalities in analyses of access to water and sanitation services. The first consists in adjusting the indicators of access to these services according to inequality. The second proposes an assessment of intersecting forms of inequality. An application of these methods in Latin America and the Caribbean highlights significant regional heterogeneity and elevated inequality in access to services in the countries of this region. The methods demonstrate their potential in contributing to assessment and monitoring of the SDGs, but outdated or lacking data are obstacles to more in-depth analyses.
Highlights
Article 2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes that everyone is entitled to rights without distinction of any kind, which includes the human rights to water and sanitation (HRWS)
This paper aims to contribute to the theoretical–methodological challenge of incorporating inequality in the assessment and monitoring of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targets, the SDG 6, related to WASH services
The methods developed and applied in this paper show the potential to contribute to bridging some of the gaps highlighted by the “Task Force on Monitoring Inequalities for the 2030 Sustainable some of the gaps highlighted by the “Task Force on Monitoring Inequalities for the 2030 Sustainable
Summary
Article 2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes that everyone is entitled to rights without distinction of any kind, which includes the human rights to water and sanitation (HRWS). Both the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights reinforce the importance of the principle of equality and non-discrimination. These were the origins of prohibited grounds of discrimination, which include individual characteristics such as race, color, sex, age, language, religion, political or other opinions, national or social origin, property, birth, physical or mental disability, health status (including HIV/AIDS), sexual orientation and civil, political, social or other status [1]. The HRWS were incorporated into the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
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