Abstract
Chronic inflammatory pulmonary diseases are characterized by recurrent and persistent inflammation of the airways, commonly associated with poor clinical outcomes. Although their etiologies vary tremendously, airway neutrophilia is a common feature of these diseases. Neutrophils, as vital regulators linking innate and adaptive immune systems, are a double-edged sword in the immune response of the lung involving mechanisms such as phagocytosis, degranulation, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, exosome secretion, release of cytokines and chemokines, and autophagy. Although neutrophils serve as strong defenders against extracellular pathogens, neutrophils and their components can trigger various cascades leading to inflammation and fibrogenesis. Here, we review current studies to elucidate the versatile roles of neutrophils in chronic pulmonary inflammatory diseases and describe the common pathogenesis of these diseases. This may provide new insights into therapeutic strategies for chronic lung diseases.
Highlights
Pulmonary diseases are life-threatening conditions and an important cause of death worldwide
Chronic inflammatory lung diseases are a group of neutrophilrelated disorders with poor prognosis in middle-to-late stages
To sum up the common features of these diseases, first, neutrophilia can be detected in the lung tissue or BALF
Summary
Pulmonary diseases are life-threatening conditions and an important cause of death worldwide. Chronic inflammatory lung diseases are a group of neutrophilrelated disorders with poor prognosis in middle-to-late stages.
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