Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with liver cirrhosis (LC), water retention, diuretics to treat water retention, and a poor prognosis. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) reportedly predicts a poor prognosis in decompensated LC. This study investigated the usefulness of uNGAL in predicting the short- and long-term effects of tolvaptan (TVP) and the incidence of AKI post-TVP administration. Of the LC cases with water retention, 86 with available pre-treatment uNGAL were analyzed. A short-term response was defined as weight loss of ≥ 1.5kg within the first week; a long-term response was defined as a short-term response without early recurrence. The uNGAL usefulness in predicting the short- and long-term effects of TVP and AKI incidence post-TVP administration was investigated. Short-term effects of TVP were observed in 52 patients. Of these, 15 patients had an early recurrence. In multivariate analysis, significant short-term predictive factors were C-reactive protein (CRP) < 1.4mg/dl, uNa/K ratio ≥ 3.51, and uNGAL < 50.2ng/ml. Patients were classified according to these three cut-off values, with short-term response rates of 92.9%, 68.8%, 26.7%, and 0% for 0, 1, 2, and 3 points, respectively. CRP < 0.94mg/dl and uNGAL < 50.2ng/ml were significant factors for predicting the long-term response of TVP. The AKI incidence post-TVP was 8.1% (n = 7) and was significantly higher among those with uNGAL ≥ 38.1ng/mL. uNGAL is a useful predictor of the short- and long-term efficacy of TVP and can be useful in predicting AKI incidence post-TVP administration.
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