Neurotransmitter serum levels in children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections

L.S Ovcharenko,D.M Sheludko,A.V Kryazhev,I.V Samokhin,T.G Andrienko,A.O Vertehel

doi:10.22141/2224-0551.14.4.2019.174032

Abstract

Background. Schoolchildren are prone to frequent respiratory tract diseases. In the structure of general morbidity, this pathology ranks first. Its prevalence is more than 60 %, which leads to frequent school absenteeism, lack of active games and outdoor walks. So, there is an increase in the amount of time that a child spent on means of mass electronic communication and electronic games, resulting in high affection and addiction, forming hypodynamia, which in aggregate has a negative impact on the regulatory systems functioning. Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) contribute to the strain of neuro-endocrine-immune regulation, causing an imbalance of neuropeptides — mediators of neurogenic inflammation. The purpose of this work is to study the neurogenic inflammation parameters in schoolchildren with functional disorders of the cardiovascular system and recurrent respiratory tract diseases. Materials and methods. We surveyed 130 children with URTI aged 6 to 9 years in the somatic well-being period. The analysis of the contents of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P and final stable metabolites of nitric oxide (FSM NO) in serum was carried out. An increase in substance P level in children with recurrent URTI was found, which had statistically significant differences with the healthy children indices (p < 0.05). Results. It has been found that high concentration of substance P increases the risk of recurrent URTI. It has been proved that in children with recurrent URTI due to increased FSM NO serum content that has a pro-inflammatory orientation, there is an increased neurogenic inflammation activity. It was found that the reliable reduction in the content of VIP as an anti-inflammatory transmitter in children with recurrent URTI can not suppress the activity of neurogenic inflammation, resulting in its excessive stimulation. Conclusions. Children with recurrent URTI in the somatic well-being period have increased serum levels of substance Р and FSM NO. In the somatic well-being period in schoolchildren with recurrent URTI, a decrease in the concentration of anti-inflammatory neuropeptide VIP is observed.

Highlights

The human nervous and endocrine systems are con trolled by adaptive homeostasis functioning
This is due to the ability of immune cells stimulated by inflam mation to produce neuropeptides similar to those produced in the central nervous system [11]
Analyzing the levels of substance P in children with re current and episodic upper respiratory tract infections (URTI), one can conclude that no sig nificant difference was found (U = 1071.0; p > 0.05), this is confirmed by the data of ROC analysis (Fig. 1)

Summary

Introduction

The human nervous and endocrine systems are con trolled by adaptive homeostasis functioning. It is known that the inflammatory reaction pathogenesis goes beyond the im mune mechanisms and involves neuronal interactions This is due to the ability of immune cells stimulated by inflam mation to produce neuropeptides similar to those produced in the central nervous system [11]. Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) contribute to the strain of neuro-endocrine-immune regulation, causing an imbalance of neuropeptides — mediators of neurogenic inflammation. It was found that the reliable reduction in the content of VIP as an anti-inflammatory transmitter in children with recurrent URTI can not suppress the activity of neurogenic inflammation, resulting in its excessive stimulation. Children with recurrent URTI in the somatic well-being period have increased serum levels of substance Р and FSM NO.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion