Neuroimaging of Vascular Skin Lesions and Related Conditions

Abstract

Vascular lesions that may have skin manifestations can be classified as tumors, malformations, and miscellaneous according to the ISSVA. Vascular tumors can be benign, such as congenital and infantile hemangiomas, or aggressive and malignant, such as Kaposi sarcoma and angiosarcoma (refer to Chap. 6). Vascular malformations can be classified as simple, such as capillary malformations, lymphatic malformations, and venous malformations, combined, such as arteriovenous malformations and lymphatic-venous malformation, and associated with other anomalies, such as Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, Sturge-Weber syndrome (also refer to Chap. 3), and Maffucci syndrome. Furthermore, coagulation abnormalities such as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy and hemoglobinopathies, such as sickle cell disease can have both skin and neuroimaging findings. Certain examples of these different types of vascular lesions with skin involvement and associated neuroimaging findings are reviewed in this chapter.