Abstract
In view of many complications of diabetes, kidney failure is considered as one of the main complications. The oxidative stress-induced due to persistent hyperglycemic conditions is the major cause of kidney disease. The present study was designed to explore the nephroprotective efficacy of polyherbal (PH) extract in a diabetic model induced by streptozotocin (STZ). STZ (55 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneal) was injected in overnight fasting rats to develop the diabetic experimental model. Effect on kidney injury was evaluated by investigating biochemical and histological evidences in renal tissue after 56 days of treatment of PH extract. Results showed the high glucose level in STZ treated rats that suggested hyperglycemia persistence along with the successful establishment of nephropathy in diabetic rats with altered renal function, inflammatory cytokines level as well as oxidative and nitrosative stress. Administration of PH extract significantly improved the glycemic condition, glomerular function and proximal reabsorptive markers. Further, elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and disturbed redox status were restored. Moreover, findings were fostered and substantiated by histopathological examinations. Our work strongly proposes that the nephroprotective effect of the PH extract on renal damage could be attributed due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Thus, PH extract could have potential as a pharmaceutical drug for diabetes mellitus (DM). Additional long-term study or clinical trial is required for further investigations.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is described as a metabolic syndrome that causes morbidity and mortality leading to tissue damage with consequent microvascular and macrovascular manifestations [1, 2]
The blood glucose level (Figure1) measured after 56 days showed significant (P
Supplementation with PH extract significantly (P
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is described as a metabolic syndrome that causes morbidity and mortality leading to tissue damage with consequent microvascular and macrovascular manifestations [1, 2]. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the foremost severe manifestations of DM, which is described as the dysfunction of the nephrotic system due to persistent hyperglycemic conditions. It became the most important explanation of the end-stage renal disease, compelling dialysis or kidney replacement for survival [3]. DN is characterized by a change in functional as well as structural integrity, which causes intraglomerular hypertension leading to further deterioration of the kidney and resulting in end-stage renal. Structural and functional changes occur at glomeruli and tubular level and are marked as a glomerular epithelial cell (podocyte) loss, renal hypertrophy, mesangial expansion, expansion of tubular basement membranes, tubular atrophy, and glomerular basement membrane thickening and fibrosis due to excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins [8]
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