Abstract
Abstract. Comprehensive and sustainable landslide risk management, including the identification of areas susceptible to landslides, requires responsible organisations to collaborate efficiently. Landslide risk management efforts are often made after major triggering events, such as hazard mitigation after the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal. There is also a lack of knowledge sharing and collaboration among stakeholders to cope with major disaster events, in addition to a lack of efficiency and continuity. There should be a system to allow for landslide information to be easily updated after an event. For a variety of users of landslide information in Nepal, the availability and extraction of landslide data from a common database are a vital requirement. In this study, we investigate the requirements to propose a concept for a web-based Nepalese landslide information system (NELIS) that provides users with a platform to share information about landslide events to strengthen collaboration. The system will be defined as a web GIS (geographic information system) that supports responsible organisations in addressing and managing different user requirements of people working with landslides, thereby improving the current state of landslide hazard and risk management in Nepal. The overall aim of this study is to propose a conceptual framework and design of NELIS. A system like NELIS could benefit stakeholders involved in data collection and landslide risk management in their efforts to report and provide landslide information. Moreover, such a system would allow for detailed and structured landslide documentation and consequently provide valuable information regarding susceptibility and hazard and risk mapping. For the reporting of landslides directly to the system, a web portal is proposed. Based on field surveys, a literature review and stakeholder interviews, a structure of the landslide database and a conceptual framework for the NELIS platform are proposed.
Highlights
Landslides are one of the significant hazards that cause fatalities and damages in the Himalayas
For Nepal, we suggest developing the Nepalese landslide information system (NELIS) to report and arrange landslide data
In Nepal, the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Authority (NDRRMA) and the Ministry of Home Affairs are the central government’s focal institutions for managing disasters (Nepal et al, 2018), while at the local level, there are central people for climate change and disaster in the municipalities, who coordinate at the local level with various sectoral offices
Summary
Landslides are one of the significant hazards that cause fatalities and damages in the Himalayas. About 70 % of Nepal’s total area is mountainous terrain and prone to landslides (Hasegawa et al, 2009; Kargel et al, 2016). The earthquake had a magnitude of M7.8 and caused landslides in an area of 10 000 km located in Nepal and China, which led to property damage and about 9000 human fatalities (Kargel et al, 2016; Tsou et al, 2018). In addition to earthquake-induced landslides, heavy rainfalls during the monsoon season trigger landslides every year (Zhang et al, 2019). Many of the earthquake-induced landslides get reactivated and extended during the monsoon rains and lead to the destruction of infrastructure and human losses (Zhang et al, 2019). Limited investments in slope protection and the absence of spatial planning reveal the lack of intervention measures for reducing the land-
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