Abstract
Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii belong to the Sarcocystidae family, and both have one definitive and various intermediary hosts. Owing to their weak immune systems, immunocompromised persons might be prone to opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of anti- N. caninum and anti- T. gondii antibodies in immunocompromised individuals. This cross-sectional study investigated the rates of N. caninum and T. gondii , as assessed using immunofluorescent antibody reaction (IFAT) with 1:50 and 1:16 dilution, respectively, in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The seropositivity for N. caninum was 26.1% (81/310) in Mato Grosso do Sul and 31.2% (10/32) in Paraná and for T. gondii was 76.8% (238/310) in Mato Grosso do Sul and 68.7% (22/32) in Paraná. There is evidence of anti- N caninum and anti- T. gondii antibodies in patients with HIV. Other aspects of T. gondii , which is a zoonosis, and N. caninum , which might affect immunodeficient individuals, need to be evaluated and reported.
Highlights
Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii belong to the Sarcocystidae family, and both have one definitive and various intermediary hosts
It is characterized by immune system suppression, primarily the immunity mediated by T cells; the decline of cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) lymphocytes results in susceptibility to opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, and neurological diseases(2)
Owing to its importance and the shortage of information regarding these parasites in humans in the States of Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraná (PR), the aim of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies in immunocompromised individuals using the immunofluorescent antibody reaction (IFAT) method
Summary
Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii belong to the Sarcocystidae family, and both have one definitive and various intermediary hosts. Owing to their weak immune systems, immunocompromised persons might be prone to opportunistic infections. Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii are intracellular protozoans belonging to the Sarcocystidae family that can infect domestic and wild animals. Both are parasites that cause cyst formation and have in their definitive host cycle a carnivorous animal and a wide variety of species as their intermediary hosts(3)
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