Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to look for a possible relationship between thyrotropin (TSH) values from neonatal bloodspot screening testing and newborn lower auditory pathway myelinization evaluated using the brainstem evoked response audiometry (ABR) test.MethodsSixty-two healthy full-term newborns without perinatal problems were enrolled in the study. TSH results were collected from neonatal bloodspot screening data and were below the test cut-off level (15μUI/mL). The TSH test was performed between three and seven days, and the ABR test was performed in the first 28 days of life. The newborns were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 35), TSH between 0 and 5μUI/mL, and group 2 (n = 27), TSH between 5 and 15μUI/mL. Data are presented as mean ± SD, median, or percentage, depending on the variable.ResultsWave latency and interpeak interval values for Groups 1 and 2 were as follows: Wave I: 1.8 ± 0.1 and 1.7 ± 0.1; Wave III: 4.4 ± 0.1 and 4.4 ± 0.1; Wave V: 6.9 ± 0.1 and 6.9 ± 0.1; interval I–III: 2.6 ± 0.1 and 2.6 ± 0.1; interval I–V: 5.1 ± 0.1 and 5.1 ± 0.1; interval III–V: 2.4 ± 0.1 and 2.4 ± 0.1. There were no significant differences in ABR parameters between groups 1 and 2 (p > 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed a slight significant negative correlation between TSH and wave I values (standardized β = −0.267; p = 0.036), without observing any relationship with the other ABR waves recorded.ConclusionsThis study investigated the relationship of TSH and auditory myelinization evaluated by ABR. It did not show a significant change in lower auditory pathway myelinization according to TSH levels in newborns with TSH screening levels lower than 15 μUI/mL.
Highlights
Thyroid hormone (TH) is involved in a wide range of physiological processes [1]
This study investigated the relationship of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and auditory myelinization evaluated by ABR
It did not show a significant change in lower auditory pathway myelinization according to TSH levels in newborns with TSH screening levels lower than 15 μUI/mL
Summary
Thyroid hormone (TH) is involved in a wide range of physiological processes [1]. In the development of the central nervous system (CNS) during fetal life and throughout the first years of life, vascularization, myelinization, dendritic arborization, synapse formation, neuronal migration, cell differentiation, and gene expression processes depend on the presence of TH [2, 3]. Adequate levels of TH during this period are essential [3], and perinatal deficiency of these hormones may result in brain maturation disturbance, intellectual deficit, and, in some cases, impairment of language, memory, and vision. These disorders can occur within different spectra and forms of involvement according to the period in which hypothyroxinemia occurs [4]. The presence of significant hearing disturbances in individuals with CH highlights the influence of TH on the embryonic development of the auditory system, and the critical period of maturation of the TH-dependent auditory system seems to be in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy [7]
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