Neolithic cultural remains in the coastal area of southeastern Hainan Province

Abstract

AbstractFrom December 2012 to January 2016, the First South China Archaeological Team, Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Hainan Museum conducted excavations to the Qiaoshan and Lianziwan Sites in Lingshui County and Yingdun Site in Sanya City, all in Hainan Province. The unearthed artifacts showed that the polished red-coated pottery wares and sandy pottery wares found in the south of Yingdun Site clearly belonged to different archaeological cultures, based on which the cultural remains of the Yingdun Site are divided into the early and late phases. The artifacts belonging to the early phase are pottery wares, stone tools, strung ornaments made of fish bone and large amount of marine and terrestrial animal remains. The Lianziwan Site in Lingshui County yielded potsherds, stone tools and large amount of animal remains. The cultural remains of the Qiaoshan Site can be also divided into the early and late phases. The early phase yielded pottery wares and stone tools, and the features of the late phase were mainly the surface of the Stratum 3 and burials, the artifacts of which were pottery wares and stone tools. Based on the stratigraphicalrelationships and the characteristics of the unearthed artifacts, the basic chronological sequence of “Cultural remains of Yingdun Site → Cultural remains of Lianziwan Site → Cultural remains of Qiaoshan Site” can be established.