Abstract
The Neocarya macrophylla plant is used traditionally for food, medicinal, spiritual and industrial purposes. It is also used as a soap, dye, glue, fodder, termite repellent, firewood and for structural materials. Few studies on the physicochemical, nutritional content, phytochemical and pharmacological activities have validated the benefits of N. macrophylla to humanity as a food, in cosmetics or pharmaceutical products. The major bioactive constituents identified in the plant so far are steroids and flavonoids, such as, stigmasterol, quercetin, catechin and its related glycosides, as well as glucosamines. Extracts of the plant have shown good antivenom, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimycobacterial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activities. Acute toxicity studies have confirmed the plant to be toxic. More studies on the plant are required in order to exploit other biological activities as claimed by traditional healers and also to isolate more bioactive compounds. In addition, the safety and tolerability assessment of N. macrophylla should be undertaken due to its widespread usage.
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