Abstract
Nematode Diversity in Banana Rhizosphere From West Bengal, IndiaSurvey on plant and soil nematodes associated with banana plantations in different banana growing districts of West Bengal (India), revealed that the occurrence of the most economically important genera of plant parasitic nematodes werePratylenchus, Meloidogyne, Helicotylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus, Hoplolaimus, Rotylenchulus, Hirschmanniella, Criconemoides.Altogether there were seventeen species of plant parasitic nematodes viz.Pratylenchus coffeae, P. brachyurus, P. similis, Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica, Hoplolaimus indicus, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Helicotylenchus multicinctus, H. abunaamai, H. incisus, H. gratus, H. dihystera, Tylenchorhynchus nudus, T. mashhoodi, T. coffeae, Hirschmanniella mucronataandCriconemoidessp. Among the plant parasitic nematodes,P. coffeae, P. brachyurus, M. incognita, H. multicinctusandR. reniformiswere found as serious pests of banana in West Bengal. The occurrence of the most damaging species,Radopholus similisandHeterodera oryzicolawas not detected in West Bengal, althoughR. similisis reported to occur in Midnapore and Jalpaiguri. Distribution of plant parasitic nematodes associated with the rhizosphere of banana in important banana growing districts of West Bengal, was presented on the basis of information available in the state. Observation of the effects of some banana cultivars/types on the nematode fauna, showed that the cooking banana typeMusa(ABB) cv. Kanchakala andMusa(BBB) cv. Seed Banana supported a huge population ofM. incognitawhich induced severe root galling symptoms. The lesion nematode,P. coffeaewas found infesting all the cultivars/types. It maintained high population densities in the rhizosphere ofMusa(AA) cv. Matti andMusa(ABB) cvs. Kanchkala, Krishna Kanthali whereas the Seed Banana cultivar had a suppressive effect onP. coffeae.The rhizosphere of banana cultivar, Matti exhibited a high population ofH. multicinctus, R. reniformispopulation was recorded in extremely high levels in the rhizosphere of all cultivars/types. Free-living nematodes including rhabditids, dorylaimids, mononchids, were found in abundance in the banana rhizosphere.
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