Neglect in Nursing Homes: Prevalence and Risk Factors

Abstract

Introduction: Neglect refers to the failure to meet the needs and well-being of elderly individuals. This can include inadequate care by responsible caregivers or a lack of essential necessities such as food, water, shelter, personal hygiene, medication, comfort, and safety. Despite the prevalence of neglect, no studies have specifically investigated its occurrence and related factors among elderly residents in nursing homes in Iran. In this study, we aimed to address this gap by examining neglect among older adults covered by state welfare centers in Ardabil city (Iran) in 2020. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study involving 130 older people in Ardabil, located in northwestern Iran. Our data collection tool consisted of a two-part questionnaire: one section focused on demographic information and the Elder Neglect Checklist. Participants were selected through a census from older adults residing in nursing homes. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 22). Results: Among the 130 participants, 56 (43.08%) were male, and 74 (56.92%) were female. The overall prevalence of neglect was 39.2%. Dental problems were the most common type of neglect (36.2%), followed by neglect related to providing a healthy environment (24.6%). Additionally, our findings revealed significant associations between neglect and marital status (p = 0.001), previous occupation (p = 0.002), and a history of illness (p = 0.046). Conclusion: The study highlights a concerning rate of neglect among elderly individuals, posing serious risks to their health and security. To address this issue, health and welfare officials, along with nursing homes, should implement necessary measures to improve the well-being of older adults and align with international standards.