Abstract
This paper presents a new algorithm for detecting turn-to-turn faults in power transformers. Turn-to-turn faults between two parallel conductors have been taken into account, since they are the most difficult to detect due to the smallest short-circuit current level, especially when they are located close to the middle of the coil. Generally, standard differential protection relays fail in such a case, when low number of turns are shorted. Therefore, a new method was proposed here that is based on the combination of the negative-sequence current integral criterion and the unique differential quantities. The sensitivity and security of the presented method are analyzed and discussed. The performance of the proposed algorithm and three other commonly used methods have been tested with the signals generated using the MATLAB/Simulink program. The results confirm that the proposed algorithm is very sensitive to turn-to-turn faults and gives sufficient stabilization under external faults with CT saturation.
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