Abstract
Adiponectin has anti-inflammatory activity against atherosclerosis. Aortic stiffness is a common manifestation of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus and elderly persons. This study aimed to evaluate whether low serum adiponectin levels were associated with aortic stiffness in geriatric diabetic patients. Blood samples were obtained from 130 diabetic participants aged ≥ 65 years. We defined high aortic stiffness based on a carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) of >10 m/s. Circulating adiponectin concentrations were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Sixty-six participants (50.8%) had aortic stiffness. Patients with aortic stiffness had lower serum adiponectin concentrations than those in the control group (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the adiponectin level (odds ratio: 0.939, 95% confidence interval: 0.898–0.981, p = 0.005) was an independent predictor of aortic stiffness in elderly diabetic persons. Multivariate forward stepwise linear regression analysis also demonstrated that the adiponectin level (β = −0.256, adjusted R2 change = 0.100, p = 0.003) was negatively associated with cfPWV values in older diabetic patients. In conclusion, serum adiponectin is negatively correlated with cfPWV and is an independent predictor of aortic stiffness in elderly diabetic persons.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disorder encompassing insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, remains a global healthcare burden [1]
66 (50.8%) elderly diabetic participants were included in the aortic stiffness group
No statistically significant differences were observed in sex, hypertension, or the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), β-blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCB), statins, fibrate, metformin, sulfonylureas, DDP-4 inhibitors, PPAR-γ agonists, or insulin between the two groups
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disorder encompassing insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, remains a global healthcare burden [1]. According to the Framingham risk assessment study, DM increases the frequency of cardiovascular events. At a given level of baseline risk in patients without diabetes, the risk for cardiovascular events increases because of DM by approximately 10 years. At any given level of other major risk factors, DM increases the risk by three to four times [3]. A pathological condition with low-grade inflammation and abnormal regulation of collagen, elastin fibers, and cellular elements, represents subclinical organ damage and future cardiovascular disease (CVD) development [4,5]. Aortic stiffness, evaluated via the carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), has been proven to be an essential predictor of future CVD or all-cause mortality, independent of classic cardiovascular risks [4,6]. Adiponectin, by preventing oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and inflammatory processes and alleviating the
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