Abstract
An overview is given over recent π 0, π ±, η, K ± and p -production experiments performed at SIS where subthreshold production of η, K + and p has been observed. Systematics for particle spectra and production probabilities have been established and the importance of multi-step meson production processes involving baryon resonances as energy storage is discussed. At bombarding energies of 1–2 GeV/u a gradual transition to resonance matter seems to occur with about 30% of the baryons excited to Δ,N ∗ resonances corresponding to a density ρ N ∗ , Δ≈ ρ 0. The future perspectives of the field, in particular the potential of dilepton emission in heavy ion collisions is outlined.
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