Entrance channel dependence and isospin dependence of preequilibrium nucleon emission in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions

Abstract

Using isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamical model, the studies of the isospin effect of preequilibrium nucleon emission in heavy-ion collisions under different entrance channel conditions show that the ratio of preequilibrium neutron number to proton number depends strongly on symmetry potential, beam energy, and the ratio of neutron to proton of the colliding system, but weakly on isospin-dependent in-medium nucleon–nucleon cross sections, impact parameter, Pauli potential, and momentum-dependent interaction in the energy region from 45 MeV/u up to 150 MeV/u where the dynamics is dominated by nucleon–nucleon collisions. In addition, the ratio of preequilibrium neutron number to proton number for a neutron-rich colliding system is larger than the initial value of the ratio of the colliding system, but the ratio for a neutron-deficient system is less than the initial value.