Abstract
Cationic polymerization has been a versatile tool for the preparation of polymer materials. However, deep cationic photopolymerization remains a great challenge due to color deposition. Using upconversion particles as internal lamps to convert near-infrared (NIR) light into blue light, we report a versatile and efficient strategy to achieve deep cationic photopolymerization of epoxy monomers. Under NIR light excitation, the final functional group conversion of the monomer was as high as 80%, much higher than the 50% for the UV-irradiated system. The maximum temperature during upconversion particle-assisted photopolymerization was around 100 °C, comparable to or lower than some reported frontal cationic photopolymerization. Materials up to 2.5 cm thickness and free of defects and bubbles were obtained by 980 nm laser irradiation.
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