Abstract
The population ageing, the low level of birth rate, the constant need for workforce, migration and the impact of globalization are the main factors of change in the demographic structure of the population of the Federal Republic of Germany. In order to preserve the dominant economic position on the European continent and maintain the required level of population growth, the Federal Republic of Germany implements the model based on the influx of population and foreign workforce. The paper uses a qualitative analysis to present the main characteristics of changes of the demographic picture in the Federal Republic of Germany after the unification. The implications of demographic changes in economics, education, ethnic structure and religion in the period 1991-2017 have been analyzed. The impact of changes on national security of the country has been examined. The model of overcoming low birth rate, migrant assimilation and effective control of the immigration process is placed in the context of national security and state protection. The experience of the Federal Republic of Germany is of particular importance for countries that are candidates for the European Union membership such as the Republic of Serbia.
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