Abstract
ABSTRACTModel solutions consisting of varying concentration of the major fouling components of mandarin orange juice, pectin and cellulose, were studied. The deposits were scraped from the membranes and analyzed for weights and concentrations of pectin and cellulose. Suspensions of cellulose with no pectin caused no decrease in permeation flux, but large declines in permeation flux occurred during concentration of solutions of pectin and cellulose. Weights and concentrations of both components in the deposits changed with altering operating conditions and decreased with increasing mean flow velocity. Resistance of the deposit to water permeability (Rg) was related to the concentration of solute at the membrane surface (Cg) by the empirical equation, Rg =α Cg1.7 (α= constant). Accumulation of deposit on the membrane was in two forms: viscous layer and film layer. The former was a common form of deposit accumulated during the concentration of model solution under all conditions, but the latter was formed only under conditions at higher permeation flux with modelately high mean flow velocity. The film layer was insoluble in water but soluble in 0.0N HCl solution.
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