Natural risks in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic’s landscape zones

Abstract

One of the most serious obstacles of a natural character for the development of recreation and tourism are natural hazards and processes. The high-mountainous part of the republic is especially subject to such processes, where most of the recreational objects are concentrated. Of the entire spectrum of hazardous natural processes, mudflows, avalanches, landslides, karst, subsidence, slides, debris, flood and flooding are the most widespread in the republic. In the mountainous part because of strongly dissected relief with steep slopes and considerable depth of incision of narrow river valleys, avalanches, mudflows, landslides and debris, slides, glacial activities are most active. The flat part and the foothills have their own set of natural hazards, among which floods, flooding, subsidence, soil erosion, and droughts prevail. These areas are often exposed to hailstorms. The entire territory of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic is an area of seismic activity. Spontaneous natural processes and phenomena have the most significant impact on the live of the population of the republic and the functioning of recreational facilities located in the zone of their occurrence. Each demonstration of risks in recreational areas leads to undesirable consequences, from dissatisfaction with rest to death of people and wealth.