Abstract
Background: With prostate cancer being the fifth-greatest cause of cancer mortality in 2020, there is a dire need to expand the available treatment options. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progresses despite androgen depletion therapy. The mechanisms of resistance are yet to be fully discovered. However, it is hypothesized that androgens depletion enables androgen-independent cells to proliferate and recolonize the tumor. Objectives: Natural bioactive compounds from edible plants and herbal remedies might potentially address this need. This review compiles the available cheminformatics-based studies and the translational studies regarding the use of natural products to manage CRPC. Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar searches for preclinical studies were performed, while ClinicalTrials.gov and PubMed were searched for clinical updates. Studies that were not in English and not available as full text were excluded. The period of literature covered was from 1985 to the present. Results and Conclusion: Our analysis suggested that natural compounds exert beneficial effects due to their broad-spectrum molecular disease-associated targets. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed several bioactive compounds, including rutaecarpine, berberine, curcumin, other flavonoids, pentacyclic triterpenoids, and steroid-based phytochemicals. Molecular modeling tools, including machine and deep learning, have made the analysis more comprehensive. Preclinical and clinical studies on resveratrol, soy isoflavone, lycopene, quercetin, and gossypol have further validated the translational potential of the natural products in the management of prostate cancer.
Highlights
With the global burden of cancer increasing at an alarming rate, health systems struggle to find any cost-effective strategies, in poor and developing countries (Suryanarayana et al, 2015)
The results have revealed that SYT4, GUCY1A2, and GRIN3A were the most pharmacologically significant genes implicated in the pathogenesis of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in the xenograft model (Rotimi et al, 2019)
Different machine learning models have been developed along with molecular databases, including Maybridge, ChemBridge, and a natural compound library, from which the selected models of CYP1B1 and CYP1A1 were evaluated. These inhibitors were highly expressed in wide varieties of cancer such as prostate, colon, and breast
Summary
With prostate cancer being the fifth-greatest cause of cancer mortality in 2020, there is a dire need to expand the available treatment options. Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) progresses despite androgen depletion therapy. The mechanisms of resistance are yet to be fully discovered. It is hypothesized that androgens depletion enables androgen-independent cells to proliferate and recolonize the tumor
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