Abstract
UV skin exposure induces extensive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These can react with DNA, proteins, fatty acids and saccharides causing oxidative damage. Such injuries result in a number of harmful effects: disturbed cell metabolism, morphological and ultrastructural changes, attack on the regulation pathways and, alterations in the differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis of skin cells. These processes can lead to photoaging and skin cancer development. One approach to protecting human skin against the harmful effects of UV irradiation is to use antioxidants as photoprotectives. In recent years naturally occurring herbal compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and high molecular weight polyphenols have gained considerable attention as beneficial protective agents. In this review, we strive to summarize the findings of studies performed to date, regarding the photoprotective effects of plant phenolics on the skin damage induced by UV radiation.
Highlights
In recent years, the incidence of various diseases and disorders related to solar ultraviolet radiation has increased alarmingly and continues to grow
Chronic exposure of mammalian skin to UV radiation induces a number of biological responses, including development of erythema, edema, sunburn cell formation, hyperplasia, immune suppression, DNA damage, photoaging and melanogenesis
UV radiation is a very potent initiator of photochemical reactions through excitation of electrons and this can result in energy transfer or chemical modification of the exposed molecule
Summary
The incidence of various diseases and disorders related to solar ultraviolet radiation has increased alarmingly and continues to grow. Chronic exposure of mammalian skin to UV radiation induces a number of biological responses, including development of erythema, edema, sunburn cell formation, hyperplasia, immune suppression, DNA damage, photoaging and melanogenesis. These alterations are directly or indirectly involved in the development of skin cancer[1,2,3]. The absorbed light can interact with endogenous photosensitive molecules or/and with exogenous photosenzitizers originating from drugs or cosmetic ingredients. These interactions can directly or indirectly produce deleterious, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects[4]
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