Natural Flocculant VS Chemical Flocculant Where Is Better To Used In Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Nowadays, Coagulation-flocculation process is still common method were used in both large and small scale in wastewater treatment. It’s process an effective method as pretreatment. Flocculant (natural aid) can use many material is an important factors for coagulation-flocculation process. Many materials were used for coagulant-flocculant aid, but typically can be divided into chemical, grafted and or natural aid. Chemical flocculant was made from monomers formed to electrolytes polymers, that is cationic polymers, anionic polymers or non-ionic polymers, such as polyacrylamide have been widely used for decades. Grafted flocculants were synthesized by combining the properties of polymers, both synthetic and natural by ‘connect to’ method, such as Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (polyDADMAC or polyDDA). Whereas natural flocculant can be derived from seed of plantago, ovata, moringa, olifiera, etc. Some natural starch can be used as natural aid also. The main advantages of natural flocculant are their renewability, biodegradability, nontoxicity and relative costeffectiveness. but for development in the future constrained by some challanges, Natural flocculant tend to have shorter live which caused by biodegradability of active component, floc will loose. Besides that, chemical flocculants are used because of their easy use. However, in many studies, the usage of chemical flocculant will have an important environmental impact, such as, producing toxic sludge containing metal hydroxides which causes problems with their disposal and increasing metal concentrations (eg aluminum) which can have an impact on the sustainability of human health. This paper will review some chemical flocculant and natural flocculant also tell about environmental affect, both disadvantages and potential which is better used to wastewater treatment.