Natural factors of increasing the resistance of animals

Abstract

It has been studied the issue of technology and economic efficiency of housing different sex, age and production groups of pigs in summer camps; to give the features of housing lactating and single sows, repair and fattening pigs in the camps; to study the expediency of combining camp maintenance with the pasture; to develop equipment that will improve the technology of summer camp housing pigs. Experimental studies on the development of technological elements of summer camp housing pigs and determining its benefits were conducted in the farms of Poltava and Myrhorod districts of Poltava region on the live-stock of pigs of the Large White and Myrhorod breeds. The camps of simpler design with shadow canopies were equipped for the group housing of other age and production groups of pigs. It has been determined the cost of green mass and concentrated feed per head, the average daily gain of animals, their safety, time spent on the production of one quintal of live weight, as well as took into account the load per operator, in an innovative plan it has been developed the detachment (Fig. 1) for grazing pigs, which provides the preimaginal principle of pasture use and gentle vegetation. In the course of research the generally accepted zootechnical and economic indexes were studied. Regular motion, sun, clean air - this is a set of healing natural factors that have allowed to grow strong and healthy piglets, capable of high growth rate in their further rearing for reproductive and fattening purposes. The camp housing helped to increase the reproductive function of the maternal live-stock. The productivity of young animals also increased significantly with a significant reduction in their deaths. The live weight of piglets at weaning increased by two kilograms compared to those indoors ones. Net profit from pork sales amounted to 17.6% of total net profit from livestock. We also developed in co-authorship a detachment for grazing pigs, which prevents damage to the sod layer of the pasture, reduces material consumption, labor costs for the movement of the detachment on the pasture. So, camp and pasture maintenance in the experimental conditions had a positive effect on the economic efficiency of pig breeding in the whole enterprise, as well as increased the reproductive characteristics of the breeding stock. The use of green and succulent feeds, up to 35 percent in nutritional value, significantly improved the taste qualities and biological value of the diet of pigs. Key words: pigs, summer camp pasture maintenance, pasture, green conveyor, natural factors, animal resilience, mobile detachment.