Natural factors as prophylactics of major dental diseases in children

Abstract

Introduction. In Ukraine, the prevalence of dental caries in children 12 years old reaches 72.7% -91.4%, in children 15 years old - 81.3% -94.3%, while the intensity of caries in children of these age groups ranges from 2, 23 ± 0.21 to 3.71 ± 0.37 and from 3.91 ± 0.39 to 6.18 ± 1.01, respectively. For the physiological formation of dental hard tissues in children, a sufficient level of calcium intake and assimilation with the participation of vitamin D is of great importance. Children for many reasons need to correct calcium metabolic disorders by using combined calcium and vitamin D preparations and a balanced diet, including foods and drinks, enriched with calcium. Materials and methods. Clinical studies were conducted involving 138 children 7-11 years old. To assess the extent of tooth decay, caries was determined by its prevalence, intensity, growth rate of caries, reduction of the growth rate of caries, biochemical analysis of oral fluid was performed to determine the content of calcium, phosphorus, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase. Children of the main treatment subgroup were offered the proposed Treatment and Preventive Complex, which included correction of eating behaviour and drinking regimen (consumption of naturally-table low-mineralized waters without gas with Ca2+ content from 50 to 200 mg / l).Results. When using Treatment and Preventive Complex in children, a low increase in the intensity of decay of permanent teeth, an increase in the level of Ca, a decrease in the activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in the oral fluid were determined in comparison with the control group. Conclusions. Thus, the use of mineral water with a Ca2+ content of 50 to 200 mg / l, as a source of natural Ca intake, can be recommended as an aid to the comprehensive prevention of caries in schoolchildren.