Abstract
Natural disasters and finding suitable areas to dispose of municipal solid waste (MSW) are two major global challenges, both of which have several influences in the water resources and are related to climatic change, especially in developing countries like Brazil. Currently the risk of natural disasters is not utilized in the process of locating areas to dispose of MSW. This study, using geographic information system (GIS), analyzed spatially the susceptibility for landslide and flooding hazards in MSW disposal sites in S?o Paulo state, Brazil. The results showed that more than 90% of sanitary and ditch landfills are located in null, very low and low hazard classes (P0, P1 and P2). However, in this remaining 10% of landfills we still have approximately 55% of the total municipal solid waste disposed into susceptible areas with middle, high and very high hazard classes (P3, P4 and P5). This shows that S?o Paulo MSW disposal sites need more attention and control to prevent the occurrence of landslide/flooding and consequently the mitigation of environmental, economic and social impacts. In addition, the use of GIS is proved to be an appropriate tool to carry out this type of analysis, so we recommend that the risk of natural disasters should be taken into consideration in the process of finding landfill areas. Mainly, because, there is a tendency for extreme weather events to increase causing more flood and landslide events and consequently contributing to water scarcity and water degradation.
Highlights
The Brazilian National Sanitation Policy establishes the principles for the provision of public sanitation services, such as water supply, sewage treatment and management of municipal solid waste (MSW) [1]
This study aims to identify the susceptibility of landslides and flooding hazard in municipal solid waste final disposal sites in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
In order to evaluate the landslide hazard susceptibility of municipal solid waste disposal sites in São Paulo state (Figure 2) we developed a spatial and statistical analysis for each hazard class
Summary
The Brazilian National Sanitation Policy establishes the principles for the provision of public sanitation services, such as water supply, sewage treatment and management of municipal solid waste (MSW) [1]. The proper disposal of solid waste is intrinsically linked to the preservation of the environment and public health [2]. The proper final disposal of MSW is of great importance, because the environmental cost of inadequate provision is related to the contamination of soil, groundwater and atmosphere [4]. The Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy—PNRS (2010) establishes that just the untreatable solid waste must be disposed of in landfills, in order to minimize environmental impacts and prevent damage to public health [5]. The improper disposal of solid waste brings imminent danger to public health, besides being related to recurrent phenomena in Brazil, such as floods and landslides
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