Abstract
The river Volga state assessment and landscape functioning is an extremely necessary part for stable and ecologically safe region development. One of the most important this assessment components is vegetation monitoring organization and conduction, which is the necessary part of modern ecosystem exploitation. Monitoring investigations brief results of the botanic natural monuments vegetation cover situated in the eastern part of the river Volga delta are shown in this work. Environment major factors change impact defining main ecological properties if deltoid landscape vegetation cover: some climatic characteristics, the river Volga hydrological regime changes and flooding conditions, vegetation cover differentiation peculiarities in dependence on deltoid land forms and confined processes to it are considered for the monitoring period. It was revealed during the monitoring that abrupt water-soluble salts amount increase in soils occurred, also toxicity level and soil salinization type from chloride- sulfate to sulfate-chloride, that affects vegetation cover: total biomass decrease, projective cover degree decrease on the all deltoid landscape high level, sedges and gramineous plant involvement degree decrease and herbs increase in vegetation cover due to ariditization degree and desert advancing caused either by natural or anthropogenic impact.
Highlights
Estuarine natural complexes in the drainage basin system have a closing position, anthropogenic activity disamenities are accumulated in the deltas, occurring in the whole basin that reflects primarily on the vegetation cover state, which tenderly reacts on the all ecological conditions changes
It is important to find out the first cause, stipulating development of that or other process and distinguish between natural and anthropogenic agents of its transformation when investigating deltoid landscapes vegetation cover, having a purpose to investigate ecosystem and landscapes components connection
The water factor importance in the river landscapes functioning is due to the fact that river runoff anthropogenic changes, hydrographic environment conversion, sea level fluctuations stimulates hydrodynamic processes complex development and biogeocenotical cover source area transformation development through the serial ecological relationships line [4, 9]
Summary
Estuarine natural complexes in the drainage basin system have a closing position, anthropogenic activity disamenities are accumulated in the deltas, occurring in the whole basin that reflects primarily on the vegetation cover state, which tenderly reacts on the all ecological conditions changes. Complex approach necessity either to the protection site investigation and ecological conditions and factors, influencing it or to the account of the whole people natural-anthropogenic activity in considered one of the botanic diversity safe starting points of botanic diversity conservation.
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