National vocal tradition as a current object of musical research

Abstract

Statement of the problem. In the modern conditions of cultural globalization, national identification is the object of special attention, and this also applies to all spheres of musical art. The study of national vocal traditions both in the form of national vocal schools of academic art and in the sense of manifestations of the national musical tradition is one of the urgent areas of music science. It can have socio-cultural, historical, genre-stylistic, performing dimensions. However, this field of musicology is still developing in several extensive ways, rarely combining into complex scientific investigations, on the basis of which a certain kind of methodology of musicological analysis of the phenomena of vocal art may be born. The analysis of publications on the chosen topic shows that, in addition to academic musicological works devoted to the national specificity of musical art (Draganchuk, 2008; Lyudkevych, 1999; Liashenko, 1973, 1991; Romaniuk, 2009), interdisciplinary studies combining knowledge of musicology, sociology, history, psychology, cultural studies have recently appeared (Nikolaievska, 2020: Applegate, 1998; Gottlieb, 2019; Kelly & Mantere & Scott, 2018; Knox, 2019). Studies of performing schools (Dedusenko, 2000), in particular, national vocal schools, as a rule, relate to the history of their development within the framework of academic European vocal art (Hnyd, 1997; Stakhevych, 2013; Totska, 2012; Tsebrii, 2021; Shuliar, 2010, 2012), and do not often take into account the specifics of traditional musical culture (Kornii, 2002; Lyudkevych, 1999; Applegate, 1998; Schwartz-Kates, 2002). Therefore, the study of the national vocal tradition as a complex phenomenon requires special attention of modern musicology. The above determines the scientific novelty of the presented study, which is related to the differentiation of the concepts of vocal school and national vocal tradition in the aspect of musical performance and musicology. The purpose of the scientific work is to outline the ways and perspectives of musicological research of the national vocal tradition. The methodological basis of the research is a combination of several areas: scientific investigations devoted to the specifics of national manifestations in music; research on national vocal schools; scientific works from a wide contextual range of musicological issues. The results and conclusions of the study. The national vocal tradition in today’s multi-cultural, multi-style, multi-genre conditions has various manifestations, which requires its complex scientific research. It is necessary to note the difference between the concepts of the national vocal tradition and the national vocal school – the latter is a component of the national vocal tradition, which combines traditional musical culture and academic musical art, represented both by musical compositions and their presentation, i. e. musical practice. Thus, the national vocal tradition is a complex concept that characterizes the system of artistic phenomena associated with the national origins of traditional musical culture and their manifestations at all levels of a musician’s professional activity.