National and regional labour market strategies in foreign countries

Abstract

Formation and development of any economy in the modern world depend on the level of human capital development. Global changes, especially technological and demographic ones, have a significant impact on the labor market. The emerging new type of economy, called «economy 4.0», generates demand for new professions and skills. One of the global problems of our time is mismatch between skills supply and demand. New jobs and new skills are emerging, technology, innovation, demographic change and climate strategies generate new demands. Downturn and exit strategies accelerate economic restructuring. This will affect the type of skills needed. That is why strategic approaches to ensure a balance between supply and demand in the labor market have been changing. Models for forecast the economy’s needs in labor resources are developed practically in all countries in the world. The models allow to achieve balance between skills demand and supply for state, business, society and the education system. Moreover the models help to determine the quantity and quality of future skills for transforming economy. To recover speedily and tackle long-term labour market challenges, especially technological,Russiamust change using strategic approaches to meet the demand for new skills in the transforming economy. This study summarizes the strategies used in the national labour markets regarding different types of economics. The article includes also proposals on the improvement of the federal and regional policies in the field of labor and employment conditions in the fourth industrial revolution and new industrialization. This article summarizes the development of social dialog on the foreign labor markets. Social dialogue inRussianeeds to further develop in order to reflect and respond to the needs of more diverse economic and social situation. Social partnership is the best approach to regulate the labor market in the medium and long term perspective. The purpose of this article is to review the foreign policies of regulation of regional and national labor markets and the formation of recommendations for the Russian practice in a rapidly changing socio-economic realities.