Abstract
Histoplasmosis is a dimorphic fungus which is widely distributed among western countries like America and in some parts of the tropical region. It is acquired by inhaling microconidia. Depending on the immune status patient may develop acute or chronic pulmonary diseases or disseminated infection. The disseminated form of nasopharyngeal region can present as ulceration, rhino sinusitis, nasal obstruction, dyspnoea, hoarseness of voice and clinically it can mimic carcinoma. Microscopically, the differential diagnosis of histoplasmosis includes Leishmaniasis, Cryptococci neoformans, Candida glabrata, Pneumocystis jiroveci and Penicillium marneffei infections. The diagnosis of histoplasma is dependent on histopathological examination and demonstration by special stains, where the latter serves the gold standard in demonstrating organism on light microscopy. Keywords: Fungal infection, Histoplasmosis, Nasopharyngeal lesion, Paediatric age.
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