Abstract
Cholera toxin (CT), a major enterotoxin produced by Vibrio cholerae, elicits mucosal adjuvant activities by inducing antigen-specific CD4 + T cells secreting T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is induced by Th1 cells specific for myelin-derived antigens. We induced EAE in C57BL/6 mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) 35–55 and CT was nasally administered as an immunomodulator on day 7 following MOG challenge. Clinical severity in the CT-treated mice was milder when compared to PBS-treated mice, while the levels of expression of interleukin (IL)-12 and interferon (IFN)-γ in the central nervous system (CNS) of CT-treated mice were lower than PBS-treated mice. Thus, nasal administration of the mucosal immunomodulator CT ameliorated the severity of EAE, which was associated with the suppression of Th1 cell responses.
Published Version
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