Narrow quadrupolar surface lattice resonances and band reversal in vertical metal-insulator-metal gratings

Abstract

We report narrow quadrupolar surface lattice resonances (SLRs) under normal incidence and the observation, for the first time, of the band reversal effect of SLRs supported by a vertical metal–insulator-metal nanograting, which is embedded in a homogeneous dielectric environment. Simulation results show that under normal incidence, quadrupolar SLR with linewidth of 0.8 nm and high quality factor of 1224 can be excited in the near-infrared regime and that under oblique incidence, out-of-plane dipolar SLRs of relatively large quality factors (≥150) can be launched. By varying the incidence angle, the SLR wavelength can be continuously tuned over an extremely broadband range of 750 nm, covering most of the near-infrared regime, and the quality factor decreases exponentially. Remarkably, the resonance lineshape can also be dynamically tuned from an asymmetric fano-shaped dip to a peak, a dip/peak pair, and a perfect symmetric Lorentzian peak, suggesting the appearance of the band reversal effect. We expect the high-Q SLRs with broadband tunability and tunable lineshapes will find potential applications in enhanced nanoscale light-matter interactions in nanolasers, nonlinear optics and sensing.