Napping Behaviors and Extracurricular Club Activities in Japanese High School Students: Associations with Daytime Sleep Problems.

Koh Mizuno,Kazue Okamoto-Mizuno,Kazuki Iwata

doi:10.3390/clockssleep1030030

Koh Mizuno, Kazue Okamoto-Mizuno + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep1030030

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Journal: Clocks & sleep	Publication Date: Aug 9, 2019
Citations: 3	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Tohoku Fukushi University

Abstract

Although engaging in evening naps and extracurricular activities are popular among Japanese high school students, the associations between these behaviors and daytime sleep problems were unclear. A questionnaire on daily life and sleeping habits was administered to 1314 high school students, aged between 15–17 years. The respondents were categorized by their after-school napping habits (did not nap, napped 1–2 days/week, napped ≥3 days/week), and their extracurricular activities (no activity, cultural club, athletic club). The mean nocturnal sleep duration on weekdays (± standard deviation (SD)) was 390 ± 56 min. This was significantly shorter in those students with a higher number of days/week spent napping (p < 0.001), and slightly longer for those in the athletic club (p < 0.001). Sleep problems—including subjective insufficient sleep, excessive sleepiness during class ≥3 days/week, and falling asleep during class ≥3 days/week—were reported by 64%, 55%, and 33% of respondents, respectively. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed significantly higher risks for excessive sleepiness among students taking naps ≥3 days/week, and who belonged to athletic clubs. In addition to those factors, students in cultural clubs revealed significantly higher risks for falling asleep during classes. Future studies are required to decrease daytime sleep problems associated with evening naps and extracurricular activities among high school students.

Highlights

It is generally recognized that sufficient sleep time for adolescents is 8 or more hours [1]
Though the reason to take a nap is often to catch up on sleep lost during the school week [12], studies examining Japanese adolescents [7,13] have indicated that napping after returning from school on weekdays is associated with later bedtimes, which results in sleep curtailment and daytime impairments such as irritability, chronic fatigue, and frequent falling asleep
The present study examined the association of students’ involvement in athletic and cultural clubs with daytime sleep problems

Summary

Introduction

It is generally recognized that sufficient sleep time for adolescents is 8 or more hours [1]. Though the reason to take a nap is often to catch up on sleep lost during the school week [12], studies examining Japanese adolescents [7,13] have indicated that napping after returning from school on weekdays is associated with later bedtimes, which results in sleep curtailment and daytime impairments such as irritability, chronic fatigue, and frequent falling asleep. Those characteristics were recently reconfirmed by a national survey [14] that found that 12.5% of high school students in Japan often take naps after returning from school, 32.0% sometimes take naps, and higher napping frequency is associated with poor subjective condition in the morning. Fukuda and Ishihara [13] have reported that both delayed bedtime and napping habit were associated with daytime impairments

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Conclusion