Abstract
The fast pace of today’s world has presented several challenges in the area of healthcare. Depression, hypertension, diabetes, cancers and several infectious diseases are just some of the common outcomes associated with the high speed stress-filled lifestyle. Early diagnosis has been the goal for prompt arrest and management of these health conditions. This has been a challenge in recent times. However, great scientific advancement with improved potential in medical diagnosis has equally been a giant stride in times like these. Early disease detection even before symptoms’ presentation, improved imaging of internal body structure, as well as ease of diagnostic procedures, have been developed with the help of a new branch of laboratory medicine termed nanodiagnostics. Use of microchips, biosensors, nanorobots, nano identification of single celled structures, and microelectromechanical systems are current techniques being developed for use in nanodiagnostics. This piece of write up takes a panoramic view of available nanotechnological advances in current use for medical diagnosis and projecting into future possibilities and potentials for an improved health care delivery.
Highlights
IntroductionThe production and use of the tiniest particles invisible to the naked eye are not really a new invention, the concept of nanotechnology has been in the front burner of scientific research in recent times
Biosensors, nanorobots, nano identification of single celled structures, and microelectromechanical systems are current techniques being developed for use in nanodiagnostics
The production and use of the tiniest particles invisible to the naked eye are not really a new invention, the concept of nanotechnology has been in the front burner of scientific research in recent times
Summary
The production and use of the tiniest particles invisible to the naked eye are not really a new invention, the concept of nanotechnology has been in the front burner of scientific research in recent times. Nanodiagnostics is the new term that describes use of methods and techniques of nanotechnology and its principles for diagnostics purposes It includes, not limited to, the manipulation and assessment of single molecule, size reduction of systems and platforms to make use of nanoscale properties obtainable from interactions between surfaces and biomolecules. Nanowires Nanowires (NW) are nanosized channels that allows passage of electrical current at very low amplitude and can be constructed from carbon nanotubes, metal oxides or silicon Their very small size and minute diameter, usually 10nm, makes them sensitive to any minute change in electrical properties at any slight adjustment for example when an additional molecule is bonded to it. Quantum dot can be linked covalently with fluorescence microscopy to observe cells in living animals; immunofluorescent labelling of breast cancer marker Her have been achieved with the specific cancer antibodies covalently linked to quantum dots covered by polyacrilate cap and quantum dots with detectable luminescence encapsulated in carbohydrate are useful in cancer imaging [13]
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