Nanostructures management technology to reduce the fire risk in the oil and gas industry: Performance, features and implementation

Aleksei Ivanov,Igor Skripnick,Farid Dali,Marina Simonova,Grigoriy Ivakhnyuk,Denis Shikhalev

doi:10.5937/jaes0-26622

Aleksei Ivanov, Igor Skripnick + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-26622

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Abstract

Oil and gas enterprises are characterized by an increased fire risk. There is high probability of occurrence and spread of large fires when oil production and processing, transportation and storage of oil products occurs. There is high probability of large fires during the oil production, oil processing and during the transportation and storage of petroleum products. New materials created using nanotechnology principles are needed to improve the efficiency of fire prevention and extinguishing systems. The technology for controlling the properties and performance characteristics of nanofluids based on liquid hydrocarbons and water is based on the methods of functionalization and interaction of clusters of the base liquid and multilayer carbon nanotubes, methods for stabilizing nanofluids, for changing the thermophysical, rheological and electrostatic properties of substances and materials on their basis. The proposed technology makes it possible to create nanomaterials based on various scenarios for the development of emergency situations and to apply them to reduce fire risk at oil and gas facilities.

Highlights

The development of the oil and gas complex is related to the unstable demand of the world market, the growth of capital investments in the industry, the low level of profitability caused by the state's require-ments for labor protection and environmental safety, the need to process raw materials with worsening commodity indicators [1]
The results suggest that dispersion of non-functionalized MWCNT in water reduces surface tension by 10–22% compared with the base fluid, which is associated with the presence of by-products of the syn-thesis of nanoparticles acting as surfactants
For nanofluids based on liquid hydrocarbons, the addition of functionalized MWCNTs allows an increase in the surface tension coefficient by 8-58% compared to base fluids

Summary

Introduction

The development of the oil and gas complex is related to the unstable demand of the world market, the growth of capital investments in the industry, the low level of profitability caused by the state's require-ments for labor protection and environmental safety, the need to process raw materials with worsening commodity indicators [1]. The methodology of fire risk assessment in oil and gas refineries and related industries includes the de-scription of process control tools and emergency systems, identification of hazards, scenarios and fre-quency of incidents, simulation of consequences and assessment of the impact of potential accidents and fires. Common emergencies and complications in the extraction, transportation, processing of petroleum and petroleum products are strait fires, flares, hydrocarbon flames, the formation of a fireball, the combustion of a vapor cloud under pressure. Partial destruction and leaks from process equipment and pipelines are most likely [4]

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