Nano-sized local magnetic field induced by circular motion of ions and molecules in a nanotorus under gigahertz rotating electric fields

Abstract

ABSTRACTRecently, we reported molecular dynamics simulations of stable cyclotron motions of ions and water molecules in a carbon nanotorus, induced by different rotating electric fields (EFs). This study is devoted to the calculation and characterisation of the magnetic field (MF) induced by these cyclotron motions. Results show that carbon nanotorus containing ions or water molecules acts as an EF-to-MF transducer. Components of the instantaneous induced MF show large-scale oscillations superimposed by strong fluctuations arising respectively from overall circular motion and random collisions of moving species. Analysis of the space-dependencies of the induced MF components shows that the induced MF is maximum at the centre of the nanotorus. The MF induced by cyclotron motion of ions follows the orders B(Ca2+) > B(Na+) ≈ B(K+) at E = 1.0 V/nm and B(E = 1.0 V/nm) > B(E = 0.5 V/nm) > B(E = 0.1 V/nm). The time-averaged induced MF of the cyclotron motion of 81 water molecules is almost 102 times stronger than that of ions. The induced MF strength is decreased with increasing distance from nanotorus and decays effectively at about 17.3–18.1 and 15.9–18.2 nm along the z-axis of the nanotorus for ions and water molecules, respectively. The magnitude of the MF induced by cyclotron motions of water molecules and ions, respectively, decreases and increases in the nanotorus with freed carbon atoms.