Abstract
Multi-pulse nanosecond laser ablation of Ti–6Al–4V is a complex process. In this study, the effect of substrate temperature on the nanosecond laser ablation of Ti–6Al–4V was investigated. Morphology, diameter and depth of ablation craters were observed; ablation efficiency ω (μm3/mJ) was proposed to analyzes the ablation process. The results showed that, with the increasing of substrate temperature, the ablation craters’ diameter increased and depth decreased, while ω initially increased, but then decreased rapidly. Furthermore, with increasing pulse number, the depth of ablation crater increased linearly, while the growth of the diameter gradually slowed down and tended to be stable after the 16th irradiation. The above changes were different in details at different substrate temperatures.
Highlights
Ultra-short lasers are widely used in laser etching [1], laser drilling [2,3] and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [4].After decades of experimental research, people have a clear understanding of the ablation process of metal materials ablated by nanosecond laser pulses [5,6,7]: When a laser pulse acts on the surface of metal target, the main form of material ablation is normal evaporation in the lower laser fluence
4thpulse pulseirradiation irradiation different irradiation, obviousthe ablation cratersofwere formed in 50 °Cafter group, with the increasing of substrate temperature are compared and shown in
In both experiments (1. laser fluence 0.1429 μJ/μm2, 50 pulses; 2. laser fluence 0.7143 μJ/μm2, 32 pulsed), with the increasing of substrate temperature, the ablation craters’ diameter increased and showed a Gaussian distribution
Summary
Ultra-short lasers are widely used in laser etching [1], laser drilling [2,3] and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [4]. After decades of experimental research, people have a clear understanding of the ablation process of metal materials ablated by nanosecond laser pulses [5,6,7]: When a laser pulse acts on the surface of metal target, the main form of material ablation is normal evaporation in the lower laser fluence In this case, laser pulse causes the material to melt and boil, forming a liquefaction crater. Experiment A aimed to study the effect of substrate temperature on Ti–6Al–4V multi-pulse nanosecond laser ablation process generally, In Experiment B, the universality of the phenomenon of Experiment A under different laser fluence and pulse number was further studied, and the relationship among pulse number, substrate temperature and ablation characteristics was studied. The phase explosion model and energy accumulation effect were considered to explain the experimental phenomena
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