Abstract
Extreme high temperatures are threatening cotton production around the world due to the intensification of global warming. To cope with high-temperature stress, heat-tolerant cotton cultivars have been bred, but the heat-tolerant mechanism remains unclear. This study selected heat-tolerant (‘Xinluzao36′) and heat-sensitive (‘Che61-72′) cultivars of cotton treated with high-temperature stress as plant materials and performed comparative nanopore sequencing transcriptome analysis to reveal the potential heat-tolerant mechanism of cotton. Results showed that 120,605 nonredundant sequences were generated from the raw reads, and 78,601 genes were annotated. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis showed that a total of 19,600 DEGs were screened; the DEGs involved in the ribosome, heat shock proteins, auxin and ethylene signaling transduction, and photosynthesis pathways may be attributed to the heat tolerance of the heat-tolerant cotton cultivar. This study also predicted a total of 5118 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)and 24,462 corresponding target genes. Analysis of the target genes revealed that the expression of some ribosomal, heat shock, auxin and ethylene signaling transduction-related and photosynthetic proteins may be regulated by lncRNAs and further participate in the heat tolerance of cotton. This study deepens our understandings of the heat tolerance of cotton.
Highlights
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), an essential industrial and economic crop, is widely cultivated across the world
The results showed that 526 Differentially expressed gene (DEG) belonged to the ribosomal protein family, and they were categorized into three clusters, namely, 60S
This study found that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) target key candidate genes involved in high-temperature tolerance in cotton, such as chlorophyll a-b binding proteins, ribosomal proteins, and heat shock proteins (Figure 5C)
Summary
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), an essential industrial and economic crop, is widely cultivated across the world. As the world population grows and industrialization advances, global warming accelerates, resulting in a rise in extreme weather events such as high temperatures, flood, and drought [1,2]. High temperatures are one of the most serious risks to agricultural productivity because they directly impact plant development via biochemical activity in plant cells [3]. Cotton is a thermophilic crop that depends on high temperatures to ripen. Cotton, by comparison, frequently suffers from extremely high temperatures during summer flowering [6]. High temperatures have a negative impact on cotton growth, resulting in a hindered reproductive process, difficult dehiscence of anthers, and lower pollen activity [4]
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